Getting into the x-ray dimension
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how a chest x-ray is created and be able to identify the key components of a chest x-ray.
- Getting into the x-ray dimension intro
- The importance of grayscale
- The importance of overlap RAEs and interfaces
- The importance of shapes and key landmarks
- How pathology changes the grayscale
- Getting into the x-ray dimension quiz
X-ray examinations and the x-ray image
At the end of this chapter, the student will know about the different types of chest x-ray examinations and understand the key elements of the interpretive process.
- X-ray examinations and the x-ray image intro
- Types of x-ray examinations
- The importance of quality—good film / bad film
- Visual perception
- X-ray examinations and the x-ray image quiz
Airways, hila, and mediastinum
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to differentiate between normal and abnormal airways, hila, and mediastinum on a chest X-ray.
- Airways, hila, and mediastinum intro
- Radiological zones—and an introduction to landmarks
- Trachea and major bronchi
- How to confidently identify the carina
- Trachea and bronchi—common pathology
- The hilum—identification
- The hilum—pulmonary veins
- The hila—common abnormalities
- The mediastinum—anatomy and classification
- The mediastinum—lines, stripes, and borders
- The mediastinum—common pathology
- Airways, hila, and mediastinum quiz
The lungs, airspaces, and interstitium
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to differentiate between normal and abnormal lungs on the chest X-ray.
- The lungs, airspaces, and interstitium intro
- Radiological anatomy of the airspaces
- Radiological anatomy of peripheral pulmonary vessels and the interstitium
- Pathology that causes the lungs to be too white
- The many faces of pneumonia
- Interstitial lung disease—linear / reticular pattern
- Interstitial lung disease—nodular pattern
- Lung nodules and masses—detecting lung cancer
- The lungs—easily missed pathology
- The hyperlucent lung
- The lungs, airspaces, and interstitium quiz
The heart and pericardium
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to differentiate between normal and abnormal heart and mediastinum on the chest X-ray.
- The heart and pericardium intro
- Radiological anatomy (rAnatomy)
- Location of the heart valves
- Abnormal cardiopericardial shadow
- The failing heart
- The pericardium—common pathology
- The heart and pericardium quiz
The pleura, diaphragms, and chest wall
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to differentiate between normal and abnormal pleura, diaphragms, and chest walls on the chest X-ray.
- The pleura, diaphragms, and chest wall intro
- The pleura—radiological anatomy (rAnatomy)
- Pleural space—when the pleura is too black
- Pleural space—when it is too white
- What else can go wrong with the pleura?
- The diaphragms—radiological anatomy (rAnatomy)
- The diaphragms—common pathology
- The chest wall—radiological anatomy (rAnatomy)
- The chest wall—common pathology
- The pleura, diaphragms, and chest wall quiz
Localization of disease in the thorax
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to confidently localize pathology within the thorax.
- Localization of disease in the thorax intro
- Probability method
- Characterization method
- Grid method—establishing the grid lines
- Using the grid method in the right lung
- Using the grid method in the left lung
- Localization of disease in the thorax quiz
Atelectasis and collapse
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to confidently identify and localize lobar collapse.
- Atelectasis and collapse intro
- Types of atelectasis
- Radiological features of lobar collapse
- Collapse involving the right lung lobes
- Collapse involving the left lung lobes
- Entire lung vs. effusion
- Atelectasis and collapse quiz
Lines, tubes, and devices
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to confidently identify the normal and aberrant positioning of intravascular, intracardiac, airway, and GI lines and tubes
- Lines, tubes, and devices intro
- Central venous lines
- Abnormal central venous catheter positioning
- Airway tubes
- Abnormal ETT positioning
- Nasogastric tubes
- Abnormal nasogastric (NG) positioning
- Cardiac leads
- Abnormal cardiac pacer leads positioning
- Lines, tubes, and devices quiz
The post-op chest
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to confidently identify the normal and abnormal findings related to thoracic surgery.
- The post-op chest intro
- Trachea and bronchi
- Lungs
- Esophagus
- Cardiac
- Chest wall
- The post-op chest quiz
The AP chest x-ray
At the end of this chapter, the student will know what to look out for on a portable chest X-ray.
- The AP chest x-ray intro
- Indications and technical considerations
- The critically ill patient—special considerations
- The AP chest x-ray quiz
The interpretive process
At the end of this chapter, the student will know how to confidently interpret a chest X-ray.
- The interpretive process intro
- The step-by-step approach
- The algorithm
- The interpretive process quiz