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will help you to determine the location and degree of a stenosis.",{"id":215,"name":216},1,"Course previews",[218,229,234,239,246],{"type":219,"data":220},"video",{"readDurationInSeconds":221,"video":222},212,{"platform":223,"name":224,"url":225,"size":226},"YouTube","Interpreting duplex waveforms","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=Vf7nE0vBSco",{"width":227,"height":228},200,113,{"type":230,"data":231},"free_text",{"readDurationInSeconds":232,"text":233},12.533333333333333,"\u003Cp> \u003Cstyle type=\"text\u002Fcss\">\u003C!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> \u003C\u002Fstyle> Doppler waveform analysis plays a fundamental part in the evaluation of peripheral arterial disease. In this video, from our \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.medmastery.com\u002Fcourse\u002Fultrasound-masterclass-arteries-legs\">Ultrasound Masterclass: Arteries of the Legs\u003C\u002Fa> course, we'll take a look at how duplex waveforms can be obtained in segments throughout the leg, and identify the critical clues that will help you to determine the location and degree of a stenosis.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"type":230,"data":235},{"readDurationInSeconds":236,"title":237,"text":238},17.066666666666666,"Join our Ultrasound Masterclass: Arteries of the Legs course now!","\u003Cp>Learn how to manage arterial diseases with the help of ultrasound. This course will get you up-to-speed on everything you need to know! Learn how to recognize the symptoms and severity of peripheral arterial diseases, master the basic ankle-brachial index (ABI), and interpret findings to quickly determine if revascularization is needed. We’ll teach you how to diagnose arterial diseases so that you can save some limbs!\u003C\u002Fp>",{"type":240,"data":241},"cta",{"readDurationInSeconds":242,"text":243,"buttonText":244,"buttonUrl":245},3.466666666666667,"Become a great clinician with our video courses and workshops","Start learning for free","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.medmastery.com\u002Fuser\u002Fregister",{"type":230,"data":247},{"readDurationInSeconds":248,"title":249,"text":250},97.33333333333333,"Video transcript","\u003Cp>Duplex waveforms are obtained segmentally throughout the leg and compared for degradation. They're correlated with velocities to confirm a stenosis. The concept of ABI doppler phasicity or peaks and pits holds true for duplex waveforms, tri phasic looks and sounds tri phasic. Still, the difference is with duplex you can see the vessel and can confirm it is widely peyten.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>It also records the waveform on a velocity scale which helps grade the percentage of stenosis. However, if there is a stiffening and degradation of phases city, you can image the area and tell if there is plaque buildup or if it is due to wall calcification. Loss of phases city occurs in stages. Each stage represents a different severity of the disease.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>These are clearly seen on duplex and categorized as priests the gnosis, interest in gnosis and post gnosis waveforms. The technologist will begin at the level of the common femoral artery or CFA and continue to move distally down the leg to thoroughly evaluate all the main arteries. Similar to AB eyes, multi phasic waveforms are normal.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>If there is a blockage in the leg, tri phasic waveforms can usually be obtained only proximal to a significant stenosis. Here, there are tri phasic waveforms at the CFA. This also indicates normal aorta iliac inflow because the CFA is distal to it. arteries distal to a significant stenosis will not be tri phasic. Further down the leg at the mid superficial femoral artery or SFA.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The waveforms are still multi phasic which indicates normal flow. However, at the popliteal artery, this waveform is produced. Compare the normal CFA tri phasic waveform to this interest in gnosis pop a chill waveform and notice a spectral broadening, which is snowy filling of the waveform window due to turbulence produced by this to gnosis.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Also, notice the velocity increased to 576 centimeters a second, compared to 58 centimeters a second previously seen in the SFA. This happens because as the diameter of the lumen decreases from stenosis, the velocity of the blood increases, velocities will be discussed in more detail in less than three. waveforms distal to a significant stenosis are usually monophasic.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The area below the baseline on this waveform is simply phasic vein Doppler interference which is blood flow in the veins. Compare this patient's ABI test to the duplex the dampened monophasic ankle waveforms and abnormal indices suggested gnosis but it doesn't give a location the duplex confirms the blockage location is in the popliteal artery.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Occasionally in duplex a Doppler bruery occurs. This is from the vibration of a vessel that is severely stuck notic if this is seen, but the velocities are not elevated, keep searching nearby as the vibration is usually coming from a stenosis.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"courses":252,"showAwardsBelow":48},[253],{"id":254,"isFreeCmeCourse":255,"title":256,"type":257,"specialization":258,"teachers":260,"cmeCredits":262,"teacherIllustration":263,"backgroundImage":264,"relativeUrl":265,"lastChanged":266,"created":267,"description":268,"relativeURL":265,"meta":269},7492,false,"Ultrasound Masterclass: Arteries of the Legs","course",[259],"Ultrasound",[261],"Elizabeth Tenny, BS RVT RDCS",2,"https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F99f55ec3-79b8-45c3-a620-d0bd490d9927","https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F99f55ec4-74d8-42fe-acee-272a4fa98287","\u002Fcourses\u002Fultrasound-masterclass-arteries-of-the-legs","1769371850","1613948755","From traumatic acute limb ischemia to chronic toe ulcers, arterial disease pops up in many forms and stages. In this course, you’ll learn to recognize symptoms and severity of peripheral arterial diseases, master a basic ankle-brachial index (ABI), and interpret findings to quickly determine if revascularization is needed. We’ll teach you to diagnose arterial disease so you can save some limbs!",{"duration":270,"quizzes":271,"lessons":272},5312,6,31,{"id":274,"name":261,"image":275,"profession":276,"relativeUrl":279,"specializations":280},7491,"https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F9c43cf02-4e99-4f22-83d2-85d49d55ecc7",{"name":277,"description":278},"Vascular sonographer","Elizabeth is a Senior Vascular Sonographer at Stanford University’s hospital in Stanford, California.","\u002Fteachers\u002Felizabeth-tenny-bs-rvt-rdcs",[259],139,"3m",[284,312,330],{"id":285,"title":286,"text":287,"image":288,"author":296,"path":305,"readDuration":306,"readDurationFormatted":307,"internal":308},1351,"Starting statins as first-line therapy for hyperlipidemia","Starting statins: how to choose the right agent for your patient, match statin intensity to cardiovascular risk, and monitor effectively after initiation.",{"alt":289,"title":290,"size":291,"location":293},"Healthcare provider discussing starting statins with a patient and reviewing a medication bottle","",{"width":292,"height":292},660,{"bucket":294,"key":295},"public-drupal-medmastery-assets-production","\u002F2026-05\u002FC121(2)_magazine image.png",{"id":297,"title":298,"relativeURL":299,"image":300,"professionLong":301,"profession":302,"weight":304},1563,"Franz Wiesbauer, MD MPH","\u002Fteachers\u002Ffranz-wiesbauer-md-mph","https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F9c43cef0-41ee-4005-9e4a-d8711c816401","Franz is the founder and CEO of Medmastery. He is an internist with a specialization in cardiology and a master’s in public health from Johns Hopkins University.",{"name":303},"Internist",4,"\u002Fmagazine\u002Fstarting-statins-first-line-therapy",238,"4m",{"created":309,"updated":310,"published":311},1778960150,1779196374,1778961827,{"id":313,"title":314,"text":315,"image":316,"author":322,"path":324,"readDuration":325,"readDurationFormatted":282,"internal":326},1350,"How to recognize INOCA (ANOCA) on an exercise stress test ","Angina, abnormal stress test, clean coronaries—that's INOCA (or ANOCA), and it carries real risk. Learn to recognize and report it with exercise stress ECG.",{"alt":317,"title":290,"size":318,"location":320},"Illustration of the heart's coronary vasculature showing large coronary arteries and the extensive network of smaller vessels affected in INOCA (ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries).",{"width":319,"height":319},1200,{"bucket":294,"key":321},"\u002F2026-05\u002FC17(1)_magazine image_0.png",{"id":297,"title":298,"relativeURL":299,"image":300,"professionLong":301,"profession":323,"weight":304},{"name":303},"\u002Fmagazine\u002Fexercise-stress-ecg-inoca",141,{"created":327,"updated":328,"published":329},1778115738,1778799792,1778118255,{"id":331,"title":332,"text":333,"image":334,"author":340,"path":342,"readDuration":343,"readDurationFormatted":344,"internal":345},1348,"Hyperlipidemia screening: who, when, & what to measure","Testing for hyperlipidemia can help you mitigate your patients' cardiovascular risk. Learn who to screen and when, which measures to request, and how to stratify risk.",{"alt":335,"title":290,"size":336,"location":338},"Lipid panel blood sample tubes used to test for hyperlipidemia in a laboratory setting",{"width":337,"height":337},600,{"bucket":294,"key":339},"\u002F2026-04\u002FC121_magazine image.png",{"id":297,"title":298,"relativeURL":299,"image":300,"professionLong":301,"profession":341,"weight":304},{"name":303},"\u002Fmagazine\u002Ftest-for-hyperlipidemia",246,"5m",{"created":346,"updated":347,"published":348},1777403036,1777572381,1777412421,{"seo":350,"og":352},{"title":351,"description":213}," Interpreting duplex waveforms | Medmastery",{"title":351,"description":213,"image":353},{"alt":290,"title":290,"size":354,"location":357},{"width":355,"height":356},606,364,{"bucket":294,"key":358},"\u002Fmigrated-images\u002F03-Interpreting duplex waveforms.png",{"id":360,"created":361,"updated":362,"published":361},393,1612285902,1655189586]