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patient.",{"id":215,"name":216},1,"Course previews",[218,229,234,239,246],{"type":219,"data":220},"video",{"readDurationInSeconds":221,"video":222},118,{"platform":223,"name":224,"url":225,"size":226},"YouTube","How to distinguish between different acid-base disorders: a simple rule.","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=99qSZZY0UKk",{"width":227,"height":228},200,113,{"type":230,"data":231},"free_text",{"readDurationInSeconds":232,"text":233},12.8,"\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: #111111; font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Acid-base problems can occur isolated or in combination. Even when they are combined, there's usually one problem that causes more problems than the others. In this video, you'll learn the relationship between pH, HCO3, and pCO2, and a simple rule which will help you decide whether the primary problem is respiratory or metabolic in nature. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>",{"type":230,"data":235},{"readDurationInSeconds":236,"title":237,"text":238},11.200000000000001,"Join our Acid-Base Essentials course now!","\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: #111111; font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Learn how to resolve acid-base problems with a simple, four-step approach in our \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.medmastery.com\u002Fcourse\u002Facid-base-essentials\">Acid-Base Essentials\u003C\u002Fa> course. Dr. Franz Wiesbauer and Dr. Rainer Oberbauer join forces to cover important topics like anion gap, mixed acid-base problems, and compensation. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>",{"type":240,"data":241},"cta",{"readDurationInSeconds":242,"text":243,"buttonText":244,"buttonUrl":245},3.466666666666667,"Become a great clinician with our video courses and workshops","Start learning for free","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.medmastery.com\u002Fuser\u002Fregister",{"type":230,"data":247},{"readDurationInSeconds":248,"title":249,"text":250},53.06666666666666,"Video Transcript","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>[00:00:00]\u003C\u002Fstrong> Acid-based problems can occur isolated or in combination. But even if they're combined, there's usually a primary problem that's most pronounced. In this lesson, you'll learn a simple rule of how you can tell if the primary problem is metabolic or respiratory in nature. So, let's recap the different types of acid-based disorders real quick. For simplicity's sake, I've not separated out acute and chronic respiratory problems. As we said, \u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>[00:00:30]\u003C\u002Fstrong> in respiratory acidosis, pCO2 is elevated, which causes pH to fall. As a reaction to that, bicarb will also be elevated. In respiratory alkalosis, on the other hand, pCO2 falls, pH rises, which will then also cause the bicarb to fall. So, you can see that in respiratory problems the pH and pCO2 change into different directions. Let's see what the situation is \u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>[00:01:00]\u003C\u002Fstrong> in metabolic problems. In metabolic acidosis, we said bicarb falls and pH falls, which causes the pCO2 to also fall. How about metabolic alkalosis? Here, the bicarb rises, which causes a rise in pH, which then also causes a compensatory rise in pCO2. So, as you can see in metabolic problems, the change in pH and pCO2 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>[00:01:30]\u003C\u002Fstrong> are in the same direction and that constitutes a simple rule for identifying the primary acid-base problem in our cases. Let's check out a couple of these cases. It's your turn now to use your new found skills in order to identify the primary problem underlying the following quiz questions. Please use the simple rule you've learned in the previous lessons.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"courses":252,"showAwardsBelow":48},[253],{"id":254,"isFreeCmeCourse":255,"title":256,"type":257,"specialization":258,"teachers":260,"cmeCredits":215,"teacherIllustration":263,"backgroundImage":264,"relativeUrl":265,"lastChanged":266,"created":267,"description":268,"relativeURL":265,"meta":269},1614,false,"Acid-Base Essentials","course",[259],"Nephrology",[261,262],"Franz Wiesbauer, MD MPH","Rainer Oberbauer, MD MSc","https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F99f55e92-d69a-41d5-8055-a653ef928363","https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F99f55e93-91b7-42cd-9fef-aa002465a7f6","\u002Fcourses\u002Facid-base-essentials","1773309358","1580071905","In this course you learn a simple, four-step approach that will help you solve any acid-base problem, without memorization or complicated math. Important topics like anion gap, mixed acid-base problems, and compensation will be crystal clear after completing the lessons and quizzes in this course.",{"duration":270,"quizzes":271,"lessons":272},3971,3,23,{"id":274,"name":262,"image":275,"profession":276,"relativeUrl":279,"specializations":280},1589,"https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F9c43cef8-0465-4f40-b860-c2ffc063b10e",{"name":277,"description":278},"Nephrologist","Nephrologist. Chairman of the nephrology department at the Medical University of Vienna.","\u002Fteachers\u002Frainer-oberbauer-md-msc",[259],86,"2m",[284,311,330],{"id":285,"title":286,"text":287,"image":288,"author":296,"path":304,"readDuration":305,"readDurationFormatted":306,"internal":307},1351,"Starting statins as first-line therapy for hyperlipidemia","Starting statins: how to choose the right agent for your patient, match statin intensity to cardiovascular risk, and monitor effectively after initiation.",{"alt":289,"title":290,"size":291,"location":293},"Healthcare provider discussing starting statins with a patient and reviewing a medication bottle","",{"width":292,"height":292},660,{"bucket":294,"key":295},"public-drupal-medmastery-assets-production","\u002F2026-05\u002FC121(2)_magazine image.png",{"id":297,"title":261,"relativeURL":298,"image":299,"professionLong":300,"profession":301,"weight":303},1563,"\u002Fteachers\u002Ffranz-wiesbauer-md-mph","https:\u002F\u002Fmedmastery-backend-prod-kjbeds.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fimages\u002F9c43cef0-41ee-4005-9e4a-d8711c816401","Franz is the founder and CEO of Medmastery. He is an internist with a specialization in cardiology and a master’s in public health from Johns Hopkins University.",{"name":302},"Internist",4,"\u002Fmagazine\u002Fstarting-statins-first-line-therapy",238,"4m",{"created":308,"updated":309,"published":310},1778960150,1779196374,1778961827,{"id":312,"title":313,"text":314,"image":315,"author":321,"path":323,"readDuration":324,"readDurationFormatted":325,"internal":326},1350,"How to recognize INOCA (ANOCA) on an exercise stress test ","Angina, abnormal stress test, clean coronaries—that's INOCA (or ANOCA), and it carries real risk. Learn to recognize and report it with exercise stress ECG.",{"alt":316,"title":290,"size":317,"location":319},"Illustration of the heart's coronary vasculature showing large coronary arteries and the extensive network of smaller vessels affected in INOCA (ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries).",{"width":318,"height":318},1200,{"bucket":294,"key":320},"\u002F2026-05\u002FC17(1)_magazine image_0.png",{"id":297,"title":261,"relativeURL":298,"image":299,"professionLong":300,"profession":322,"weight":303},{"name":302},"\u002Fmagazine\u002Fexercise-stress-ecg-inoca",141,"3m",{"created":327,"updated":328,"published":329},1778115738,1778799792,1778118255,{"id":331,"title":332,"text":333,"image":334,"author":340,"path":342,"readDuration":343,"readDurationFormatted":344,"internal":345},1348,"Hyperlipidemia screening: who, when, & what to measure","Testing for hyperlipidemia can help you mitigate your patients' cardiovascular risk. Learn who to screen and when, which measures to request, and how to stratify risk.",{"alt":335,"title":290,"size":336,"location":338},"Lipid panel blood sample tubes used to test for hyperlipidemia in a laboratory setting",{"width":337,"height":337},600,{"bucket":294,"key":339},"\u002F2026-04\u002FC121_magazine image.png",{"id":297,"title":261,"relativeURL":298,"image":299,"professionLong":300,"profession":341,"weight":303},{"name":302},"\u002Fmagazine\u002Ftest-for-hyperlipidemia",246,"5m",{"created":346,"updated":347,"published":348},1777403036,1777572381,1777412421,{"seo":350,"og":352},{"title":351,"description":213},"Distinguishing between different acid-base disorders—a simple r | Medmastery",{"title":351,"description":213,"image":353},{"alt":290,"title":290,"size":354,"location":357},{"width":355,"height":356},758,442,{"bucket":294,"key":358},"\u002Fmigrated-images\u002FScreen Shot 2018-03-14 at 1.47.40 pm.png",{"id":360,"created":361,"updated":362,"published":361},199,1521031815,1655189586]